LiNbO₃ haiwaniki mune zvakasikwa sechisikigo chicherwa. Iyo crystal structure ye lithium niobate (LN) makristasi yakatanga kutaurwa naZachariasen muna 1928. Muna 1955 Lapitskii naSimanov vakapa lattice parameters ye hexagonal uye trigonal systems yeLN crystal neX-ray powder diffraction analysis. Muna 1958, Reisman naHoltzberg vakapa pseudoelement yeLi₂O-Nb₂O₅ nekuongorora kupisa, X-ray diffraction analysis uye density kuyerwa.

Dhiagiramu yechikamu inoratidza kuti Li₃NbO₄, LiNbO₃, LiNb₃O₈ uye Li₂Nb₂₈O₇₁ zvose inogona kuumbwa kubva kuLi₂O-Nb₂O₅. Nekuda kwekugadzirira kwekristaro uye zvivakwa zvezvinhu, LiNbO chete₃ yakadzidzwa zvakanyanya uye yakashandiswa. Zvinoenderana neyakajairwa mutemo wekutumidza makemikari zita, LithiumNiobate inofanira kuva Li₃NbO₄, uye LiNbO₃ inofanira kunzi Lithium Metaniobate. Muchikamu chekutanga, LiNbO₃ yainzi zvechokwadi Lithium Metaniobate crystal, asi nokuti LN makristasi ane chimwe chikamu chetatu chakasimbas haina kudzidzwa zvakanyanya, ikozvino LiNbO₃ ndizvo anenge asisafone Lithium Metniobate, asi inozivikanwa zvakanyanya se Lithium Niobate.

Yepamusoro-mhando LiNbO3 (LN) crystal yakagadzirwa neWISOPTIC.com

Iyo co-melting point yemvura uye yakasimba zvikamu zveLN crystal haienderane neiyo stoichiometric ratio. Makristasi emhando yepamusoro ane musoro wakafanana uye zvikamu zvemuswe zvinogona kukura nyore nyore nekunyungudusa crystallization nzira chete kana zvinhu zvine chimiro chakafanana chenhanho yakasimba uye nhanho yemvura inoshandiswa. Naizvozvo, makristasi eLN ane yakanaka solid-liquid eutectic point inoenderana chivakwa akashandiswa zvakanyanya. Makristasi eLN kazhinji asina kutaurwa anoreva avo vane chimiro chakafanana, uye iyo lithium yemukati ([Li]/[Li+Nb]) inenge 48.6%. Kusavapo kwenhamba yakawanda yelithium ions muLN crystal inotungamirira kunhamba yakawanda yemararamiro emarara, ane maitiro maviri anokosha: Kutanga, inobata zvinhu zveLN crystal; Chechipiri, zvikanganiso zvelatisi zvinopa hwaro hwakakosha hweiyo doping engineering yeLN crystal, iyo inogona kunyatso kudzora kuita kwekristaro kuburikidza nekugadzirisa kwekristaro zvikamu, doping uye valence kudzora kwezvinhu doped, inova zvakare chimwe chezvikonzero zvakakosha zvekutariswa. LN kristaro.

Yakasiyana neyakajairwa LN crystal, iripo “pedyo ne stoichiometric LN crystal” iyo [Li]/[Nb] inenge 1. Mazhinji emhando yephotoelectric yeiyi iri pedyo ne stoichiometric LN crystals yakakurumbira kupfuura iyo yeaya akajairwa LN crystals, uye anonyanya kunzwa kune akawanda mafotoelectric properties nekuda kwe pedyo-stoichiometric doping, saka ivo vakadzidza zvakanyanya. Nekudaro, sezvo iyo iri pedyo-stoichiometric LN crystal isiri eutectic ine yakasimba uye yemvura zvikamu, zvakaoma kugadzirira yakakwirira-mhando yekristaro neyakajairwa Czochralski. nzira. Naizvozvo kuchine mabasa mazhinji ekuita kugadzirira-yemhando yepamusoro uye inodhura-inoshanda pedyo-stoichiometric LN crystal kuti ishandiswe.